Constitutional Role of The Governor :
(Given only in brief; for details and authenticity, please see the Constitution of India) There shall be a Governor for each state (Articles 153 of the Constitution of India).
- The executive power of the State shall be vested in the Governor and shall be exercised by him either directly or through officers subordinate to him in accordance with the Constitution of India (Article 154).
- The Governor of a State shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal (Article 155).
- A person to be eligible for appointment as Governor should be citizen of India and has completed age of 35 years (Article 157).
- The Governor shall not be a member of the Legislature or Parliament; shall not hold any office of profit, shall be entitled to emoluments and allowances. (Article 158).
- Every Governor and every person discharging the function of the Governor shall make a subscribe an oath or Affirmation(Article 159).
- The President may make such a provision as he thinks fit for the discharge of the functions of the Governor of a State in any contingency not provided for in Chapter II of the Constitution.(Article 160).
- The Governor shall have the power to grant pardons, reprieves, etc. (Article 161).
- There shall be Council of Ministers with the Chief Minister at the head to aid and advise the Governor in the exercise of his functions except in so far as he is by or under the Constitution required to exercise his functions or any of them in his discretion. (Article 163). The Governor appoints Chief Minister and on the advice of Chief Minister, other Ministers. (Article 164).
- The Governor appoints the Advocate General for the State. (Article 165).
- All executive actions of the Government of a State shall be expressed to be taken in the name of Governor. (Article 166).
- The Governor can seek information about the administration of the state from the Chief Minister under Article 167.
- The Governor shall, from time to time, summon and prorogue the House and dissolve the Legislative Assembly. (Article 174).
- The Governor may address the Legislative Assembly….; The Governor may send messages to the House. (Article 175).
- Special Address to the House by the Governor. (Article 176).
- The Governor assents, withholds assent, or reserves for the consideration of the President, the Bill passed by the Legislative Assembly. (Article 200).
- The Governor shall in respect of every financial year cause to be laid before the House…. a statement of the estimated receipts and expenditure.(Article 202).
- No demand for a grant shall be made except on the recommendation of the Governor. (Article 203(3)).
- The Governor shall ……..cause to be laid before the House another statement showing estimated amount of expenditure. (Article 205).
- The Governor may promulgate the Ordinances under certain circumstances. (Article 213).
- The Governor is consulted for appointment of Judges of High Court. (Article 217).
- Every person appointed to be a Judge of a High Court shall, before he enters upon his office, make and subscribe before the Governor of the State, or some person appointed in that behalf by him, an oath or affirmation according to the form set out for the purpose in the Third Schedule (Article 219).
- The Governor of Jharkhand has special responsibility about the administration of Scheduled Areas as provided in the Fifth Schedule of the Constitution.
- Appointment in constitutional and statutory bodies like Public Service Commission, Lok Ayukta, State Information Commission, etc.